Apparatus for the combustion of fuel



Dec. 20, 1955 c, BQNVILLIAN ET AL 2,727,566

APPARATUS FOR THE COMBUSTION OF FUEL Origina] Filed March 15, 1943 Inwentors I 61/11/05 A. 'BOIVV/LL/A/V a SAMUEZ LETV/N I attorney furnace bands.

United States Patent 2,727,566 sit-Mains" Fun The cbMunsrioN or FUEL clause A. Bonvilliari, Chattanooga, Tenn; Ralph c. Brig-1y, Natberth, Pa}, and Samuel Letvin; Elmhurst, N.

Original applicafiql M3rcl 13,

e 1943, Serial N,i, 4.79;0'1o. Dii'idetl and p 7 this applicatibnDecetnber 1; 1949, Serial Nu.'130;570'- 3 Claims. oi. 158-4 (Granted under Title 35, U. S. Code (1952), see. 266) This invel'it iofl relates-t6 the combustion of fuels, and more particularly pertains to apparatus for the combustion of fuels preferably at relatively high heat releases.

The invention provides a combustion chamber of heat resistant metal or equivalent material which comprises a plurality of metallic bands constructed and arranged to provide for the passage of secondary air or ofother fluids between them into the chamber, The metallicbands serve ,to shape the flame produced in the combustion chamber in the desired manner, .to promote the attainment of the maximum heat release; the maximum combustion" speed, and the maximum homogeneity of gases leaving the furnace,not only in regard to temperature but also with respect to constituents. This arrangement is particularly advantageous Where lightness of weight required, and it avoids the erosion that may occur with firebrick or refractory linings with ,high velocities of air or gas, and which o fdinaril'y' results in the entrainment et particles which may have-an abrasive action eh turbine blading or cause deleterious results in portions of the system beyond the combustion chamber.

The nature of the invention will be understood from v the following description when considered in connection with the accompanying drawing forming a part thereof, and in which:

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of one form of combustion chamber embodying the invention;

Fig. 2 is a sectional view on line 2-2 of Fig. 1 showing the construction of a furnace band and the relative positions of the component parts thereof in unheated condition, and

Fig. 3 is a similar view showing the relative positions of the parts of the band in heated condition.

Like characters of reference refer to the same parts throughout the several views.

This application is a division of our copending application Serial No. 479,010 filed March 13, 1943, now Patent No. 2,500,925 dated March 21, 1950.

Referring to the drawing, in the form of combustion chamber selected for illustration, the furnace is arranged so that air, or any other substance to be introduced into direct contact with the gases in the chamber, is delivered separately to the space between each adjacent pair of As shown, the furnace comprises three bands 10, 11 and 12 which are arranged telescopically. The outer band 12 in this instance constitutes the casing or shell of the furnace. Band 10 is at the burner end of the furnace and adjoins an end plate 13 which carries a burner 14 to which fuel is supplied through a fuel connection 15. Suitable enclosing chamber 16 to which air is supplied through an inlet connection 17. The space between the bands 10 and 11 is in communication with a chamber 18 which surrounds part of the air chamber 16 and to which air or other substance is supplied through an inlet connection 19. Similarly, the space between the bands 11 and 12 communicates with a chamber 20 which surrounds part of the chamber 18, and air or other substance is supplied 2,727,566 l ste -ea Pee a0p1955 to the chamber 20 throu h an inlet connection 21. The inlet connections 17, 19 and 21 may communicate with the samesour'c'e' of L communicate with separate sources, 5 cancer with the same source, while others connect with another source or other sources. With this" an"angtanent the exterior of the furnace can be kept relatively cool witheutth'e necessity of using s ecial ceolant'sdr insula- This arrangement is particulaily" well adapted to the recycling of gases produced in the" furnace: be understood" that if the futnace gases alone; or mixed were returned directly to he burner end of the" furnace, they might tndto extinguish the ham in the furnace because of their high CO2 content; or they might beef such" temperature that the entire furnace structure would be jeepardizd through too high a preheat or through ethe'i chein'ieal or physical eflects incompatible with best operation? With the arrange'ment shown in Fig. 1:, the gases may be recyereu, either with or without interixed ceolants or chemical substances, .to bands or sections down stream from the burner, while simultaneously obtaining the advantage of the heating of cooling effect of the recycling throug'il the external jackets or chambers of the furnace. the telescopic arrangement of and 20; they may be arranged concentneally or siire hy side, or they may be l'na-nifolded together. obviously, any desired number? of bands may be emplcyeu in the arrangement shown-tn Fig. 1'.

In order to prevent warping of the furnace hands; or

th'e'lcasing', or both, special -construc'tions may be employed towtransfer heatltherefrom, one at which is slruwir n' 't'lie drawing: Thebands and I1 are-formed o'f aplur'ahty of U-shaped sections 22 with the outer end portions of the adjacent legs 25 by clips 23 fitted, bolted or welded thereto, and which positions shown in Fig. 3.

With this arrangement of furnace bands, the heat absorbed from the furnace by the bands will be conducted to the legs of the U-shaped sections 22 and will be dissipated by conduction and radiation bands and passing through the openings 29 through the channel sections. Little or no temperature effect is experienced with the use of the clips 23 to secure the U-shaped sections are kept at low temperature by the secondary air or other fluid flowing through the U-shaped sections.

The invention disclosed herein may be manufactured and used It will be understood that changes may be made in the form, location and relative arrangement of the several apparatus disclosed without departing from the principles of the invention. Accordingly, the invention is not to be limited excepting by the scope of the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. A combustion apparatus comprising a plurality of axially aligned frusto-conical shells, said shells being disposed with their walls converging in the same direction defining a combustion chamber having end and intermediate shells and being spaced apart to provide a plurality of annular passageways in communication with the combustion chamber, an inlet adjacent the large diameter end of one shell for the admission of a combustible fluid mixture to the combustion chamber and an outlet at the small diameter end of the other end conical shell for removal of combustion products, each of said shells having a plurality of channel shaped sections extending longitudinally of each passageway, manifolding means adjacent the large diameter end of each passageway for independently supplying fluid to each passageway for admission to the combustion chamber, each of said sections having leg portions and interconnecting web portions, said leg portions of each section extending from the web portion and being positioned to provide a seal with the inner face of a conical shell, and the adjacent web portions and adjacent leg portions being spaced to permit expansion between adjacent channel sections, means securing adjacent channel sections together providing a composite ring of independent fluid compartments for each shell.

2. A combustion apparatus comprising a plurality of axially aligned frusto-conical shells, said shells being disposed with their walls converging in the same direction defining a combustion chamber having end and intermediate shells and being spaced to provide a plurality of annular passageways in communication with the combustion chamber, an inlet adjacent the large diameter of one end shell for the admission of a combustible fluid mixture to the combustion chamber and an outlet at the small diameter end of the other end shell for removal of combustion products, a plurality of channel shaped sections extending longitudinally of each passageway, manifolding means adjacent the large diameter end of each passageway for supplying an independent fluid to each passageway for admission to the combustion chamber, each of said sections having leg portions and interconnecting web portions, said leg portions of each section diverging from the web portion and being positioned adjacent the inner face of a conical shell and said web portions being disposed in circumferentially spaced relation providing expansion spaces between adjacent channel sections, means securing adjacent channel sections together providing a composite ring of independent fluid compartments for each shell.

3. Combustion apparatus as defined in claim 1 further characterized by resilient means securing the adjacent leg portions of the channel sections together to provide a composite and expansible ring of fluid compartments.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 234,395 Dickey Nov. 16, 1880 1,027,961 Wurst May 28, 1912 1,387,359 Davis Aug. 9, 1921 1,697,048 Cox Jan. 1, 1929 2,161,417 Holmes June 6, 1939 2,195,025 Couzinet Mar. 26, 1940 2,268,464 Seippel Dec. 30, 1941 2,334,314 Campbell Nov. 16, 1943 2,363,168 Findley Nov. 21, 1944 2,401,032 Williams May 28, 1946 2,446,059 Peterson et al July 27, 1948 2,448,561 Way Sept. 7, 1948 2,500,925 Bonvillian et al Mar. 21, 1950 2,603,064 Williams July 15, 1952 2,617,255 Niehus Nov. 11, 1952 FOREIGN PATENTS 539,069 Great Britain Aug. 27, 1941 

